Presentations for Unit 5

Here you have them:

Restoration, revolutions and unifications video projects (Part two)

These are the remaining video projects. Leave your comments, please:

IRENE AND MARÍA L-T

 CONGRESS OF VIENNA

IDEOLOGIES

REVOLUTIONS

UNIFICATIONS

FÁTIMA AND MARÍA M

CONGRESS OF VIENNA

IDEOLOGIES

REVOLUTIONS

UNIFICATIONS

ANCA, DIANA AND FERNANDO 

CONGRESS OF VIENNA

IDEOLOGIES

REVOLUTIONS

UNIFICATIONS

LORENA AND SARA

CONGRESS OF VIENNA AND IDEOLOGIES

REVOLUTIONS

UNIFICATIONS

CARLOTA, JORGE AND LIDIA

CONGRESS OF VIENNA

IDEOLOGIES

REVOLUTIONS

UNIFICATIONS

Restoration, revolutions and unifications video projects (Part one)

Here I'm going to embed the Youtube versions and the links to Educanon questions, so that you can see your classmates' projects and decide on which are the best ones. I'm including them in order of arrival to my e-mail account and your names appear in alphabetical order:  

EVA O AND MARÍA P.

CONGRESS OF VIENNA

IDEOLOGIES

REVOLUTIONS

UNIFICATIONS

LUCÍA AND MANAL

CONGRESS OF VIENNA

IDEOLOGIES

REVOLUTIONS

UNIFICATIONS

ANTONIO AND CARLOS

CONGRESS OF VIENNA

IDEOLOGIES

REVOLUTIONS

UNIFICATIONS

ANDREI, EVA L AND SANTIAGO

CONGRESS OF VIENNA

IDEOLOGIES

REVOLUTIONS

UNIFICATIONS

BENIAMIN AND JAIME

CONGRESS OF VIENNA

IDEOLOGIES

REVOLUTIONS

UNIFICATIONS

Video about the German unification

This is a video by the Khan Academy that summarizes the process of German unification. You can use it to practice your listening:

Some interactive maps and videos: Congress of Vienna, Italian and German unification

Here you have some interactive maps to visualize the territorial changes in Europe as a consequence of the Congress of Vienna and the unification processes of Italy and Germany. Click on the images to play the maps of the Congress of Vienna and the German unification. The map of the Italian unification is a GIF file.

http://www.the-map-as-history.com/demos/tome01/The-Congress-of-Vienna-1814-1815.php

Source: http://www.vox.com/2014/12/1/7314717/italian-unification

And these are some videos. You can use them to get ideas, but don't copy them. Remember that your work has to be ORIGINAL: 

Presentations for the project of the Restoration and the unifications

Here you have the presentations you will need for the project and to complete your schemes. When I have some more time, I'll write a post with the links to insert the questions in the videos.

Thursday 26th February of 2015

Hello classmates, I'm Fran , and I'm going to talk about the things we have done on today's lesson at the first period.
At the beginning of the lesson Paqui has asked to us about the projects we have to do for today, all the people has said that were finished. Apart from this all the classmates have given to Paqui their projects, some people like Maria, Rosario and Nuria have done the project by hand (they have made in my opinion a very good comic) and other people like my group, have made videos and have sent them to Paqui by Gmail.
After that we have asked Paqui if we can watch all the projects she had, but she has said to us that we have to do an exam the next week and we have to use our time well and to correct the homework she gave to us, the last lesson, although she has said to us that if we finished correcting the homework we could wathc some projects.
The homework we had for today's lesson was to make a chart, explaining all the unifications of Italy and Germany during the second half of the 19th century. Many people of the class (like me) couldn't do the homework because of the project we had for today, but Paqui has said the us (especifically to me) that there is time to do all the things, and that we have had 6 weeks to do the project, but as she has said we left everything to the end, and later we have to do all the things fast, and not as good as we can.
Leaving this aside we have corrected the chart. We have started correcting the unifications of Italy during the second half of the 19th century. The chart was composed of the following columns:

-Unification: Italy
-Leading State: Piedmont-Sardinia
-Main figures: Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont, Court of Cavour, Giuseppe Garibaldi, and Napoleon
 II.
-Main Enemies: Austria.
-Unification Process: In this column we have copied many things: all the years, supporters, and of course all the unifications Italy got.

Later as in Italy, we have corrected the unifications of Germany during the second half of the 19th Century. The chart as the one of Italy was composed of the following columns:

-Unification: Germany.
-Leading State: Prussia.
-Main Figures: Otto Von Bismack, Wilhem I of Prussia, Napoleon III.
-Main Enemies: Austria.
-Unification Process: As I have explained before, in this column we have copied all the years, supporters, and of course all the unifications Germany got.

After correcting it, the bell has rung, and we couldn't watch the projects. Strangly Paqui hasn't copied any word on the blackboard for our glossary, but Alfredo has said to her this, and suddenly, she has remembered one and she has copied it on the blackboard, the word was:

-To someone's initiative: por iniciativa de...

This are all the things we have done in today's lesson. I'll hope I don't have many mistakes.

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/unifimp-120207075307-phpapp01/95/europe-in-the-second-half-of-the-19th-century-9-728.jpg?cb=1394734156

http://image.slidesharecdn.com/unifimp-120207075307-phpapp01/95/europe-in-the-second-half-of-the-19th-century-11-728.jpg?cb=1394734156

Presentation for Unit 5

Here you have  the presentation we are going to use for Unit 5. It includes the following contents:

- The unifications of Italy and Germany

- The Age of Empires and colonialism

On Popes in the 19th century

This post is a little delayed, because I wanted to write it after the Italian unification, but I couldn´t do it before. It´s about the relations between the States and the Popes during the 19th century.In previous units we studied that some monarchs signed concordats with the Holy See to solve the relations of their States with the Catholic Church.

-  Napoleon Bonaparte signed a concordat with Pope Pius VII in 1801. This meant the end of the disputes between the Catholic Church and the State born after the French Revolution. The Concordat recognized that Catholicism was the religion of the great majority of the French, but consecrated religious freedom in France. In addition, the French State would pay the salaries of the clergy and they would have to swear allegiance to the State. This concordat was suppressed in 1905, when the French Third Republic established the definitive separation of the State and the Church (what the French call laïcité). 

Le sacre de Napoleon (Pope Pius on the right)

Source: https://www.lessing-photo.com/search.asp?a=1&kc=202020202471&kw=POPE+PIUS+VII&p=1&ipp=

- The Ecclesiastical confiscation of Mendizábal (1835-1837), one of the most important reforms of the Liberal Revolution in Spain, during Mª Cristina of Bourbon´s Regency, meant the nationalization and sale at auction of the properties of the Church. Pope Gregory XVI decided to excommunicate the members of the government, the Spanish royal family and also all those who bought the properties sold at auction. 

When the moderates came to power, they tried to make peace with the Catholic Church. During the Moderate Decade (1844-1845) they passed a law to return to the Church all the confiscated properties which hadn´t been sold (Ley de Donación de Culto y Clero). Finally, in 1851 the Spanish State signed a Concordat with Pius IX, which stated that Catholicism was the only religion allowed, the right of the Church to have properties (which couldn´t be confiscated in the future) and control education and the obligation of  the State to pay the salaries of the clergy and provide an income to churches and seminaries. Besides, Isabella II was recognized Queen of Spain. This Concordat was in force until 1931, when the government of the Second Republic  rejected it. Dictator General Franco restored the Concordat in 1941 and signed a new one with the Holy See in 1953. 

- Pius IX was also the Pope who confronted the new born Italian monarchy. The Italian troops defeated the Papal troops at the Battle of Castelfidardo in 1860 and occupied all the Papal States except Latium (including Rome). This territory was protected by Napoleon III´s troops until 1870, when they were retired to fight in the French- Prussian War. When this happened King Victor Emmanuel II took the opoportunity and seized Rome in September and converted it into the capital city of Italy. Pope Pius IX refused to accept this and declared himself the "Prisoner of the Vatican". All the Italian royal family was excommunicated (including Amadeus of Savoy, who was king of Spain from 1871 to 1873) and the problem between the Holy See and Italy wasn´t solved until 1929, with the signature of the Lateran Pacts, which created the Vatican City State. 

Pius IX

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Popepiusix.jpg

Pius IX was also known by other facts: he called the first Vatican Council, which decreed papal infalibility (this means that the Pope is always right). He also defined the dogma of the Immaculate Conception (Mary was conceived without the original sin) and issued the Syllabus Errorum, a list of the errors or mistakes of modern times. The list included 80 propositions condemning all the ideas or thoughts considered to be against the Catholic dogma: freedom of thought, rationalism, science, the separation between the Church and the State, communism, socialism or modern liberalism. Here you have the summary of the complete list:

http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/history/dfg/amrl/syl-err.htm

- Leo XIII was the last Pope of the 19th century. He also considered himself as a prisoner in the Vatican and  his relationships with the Italian monarchy were bad. He recommended the Italian Catholics not to vote in the elections or collaborate with the government. His major contribution to history were the conclusions of his encyclical Rerum Novarum.The Pope wrote it due to his worry about the increasing number of workers who were joining unions and being attracted by Marxism or Anarchism. Although Leo XIII  recognized the workers' rights, he also affirmed the right to private property and tried to reconcile capital and labour. This encyclical is considered to be the beginning of the social doctrine of the Church, the future Catholic unions and Christian democratic .parties.

Leo XIII

Source: http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/media/109275/Leo-XIII-1878

Interactive maps of the Italian and German unifications

These are the maps we´ll use tomorrow to study the Italian and German unifications. If you click on the images, you will access to interactive maps of both unification processes: 

Map source: http://www.nvcc.edu/home/dporter/his102/handouts/german.htm

And these are two more interactive maps, which include a short written explanation: 

http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/templates/student_resources/0534600069_spielvogel/InteractiveMaps/timeline_maps/map22_2.html

http://www.wadsworth.com/history_d/templates/student_resources/0534600069_spielvogel/InteractiveMaps/timeline_maps/map22_3.html

The  following maps include a brief oral explanation: 

http://glencoe.com/sites/common_assets/socialstudies/in_motion_08/gwhmt/GWH_631.swf

Finally, here you have two exercises about the unifications: 

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::330::397::/sites/dl/free/0072424370/43861/map2402.swf::Chapter%2024%20Map%20Exercise%202

http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/olcweb/cgi/pluginpop.cgi?it=swf::331::330::/sites/dl/free/0072424370/43861/map2403.swf::Chapter%2024%20Map%20Exercise%203

2011-2012 Challenges.Number 20

Source: http://blogs.sapiens.cat/socialsenxarxa/2010/12/11/europa-sota-el-%E2%80%9Csistema-bismarck%E2%80%9D-1871-1893/

Otto Von Bismarck, the "Iron chancellor", had an important role not only in the unification of Germany, but in the history of Europe during the last decades of the 19th century. Here you have some questions to learn something more about his policy in different fields: 

QUESTION 1

What was Kulturkampf in Germany?

QUESTION 2

Why is Bismarck considered to be the ruler who put the basis of the Welfare State? What did this policy have to do with Bismarck´s policy against the Socialists?

QUESTION 3

What type of economic foreign policy did Germany follow under Bismarck´s rule? What differences did this policy have with the principles on which Zollverein was based?

QUESTION 4

What was Bismarck´s opinion on colonialism? Why did he change his mind?

QUESTION 5

What colonies did the German Empire seize in the last decades of the 19th century? What international conference was called on by Bismarck to organize the colonization of Africa?

QUESTION 6

What was the main objective of the Bismarckian diplomatic system? Can you remember a similar policy we studied in the Modern Age period?

QUESTION 7

What does this cartoon refer to?

Dropping the pilot, 1890

Source: http://www.amazon.co.uk/Canvas-Print-Dropping-Pilot-Heritage-Images/dp/B001H11I0C

Spain, the Ems Dispatch and the unification of Germany

Ems Dispatch, Bismarck´s edited version, 13th July 1870

Source: http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/sub_image.cfm?image_id=1392

What did a telegram have to do with the beginning of the French- Prussian War? What was the role of Spain on that affair? This is the curious story behind the scenes of the process of German unification:

In September 1868 there was a revolution in Spain against Isabella II´s monarchy. This was the so called Glorious Revolution. Politicians and military men from different parties (progressives, democrats and members of the Liberal Union) conspired against Isabella II, there was a military uprising in Cádiz and some days later Isabella II exiled in France. A period of six years of democratic government started (Democratic Sexenio). The leaders of the revolution formed a Provisional Government and called Constituent Cortes. The Cortes wrote a new Constitution in 1869 and they decided that Spain would go on being a monarchy. The Provisional Government commissioned General Juan Prim to look for a new king for Spain. This search for a new king was not only a Spanish affair, because all the European powers wanted to have their say. The main European powers had their favourite candidate and refused the candidates they didn´t like. Here you have  three cartoons about the monarch´s search: 

Isabella II, her son Alphonse, her brother-in-law, the Duke of Montpensier and a carlist

observing in Paris an advertisement about the search for a king in Spain.

Revista La Flaca, 10th July 1869

Source: https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=explorer&chrome=true&srcid=0B0JnOscyFpspMTRiMWZlMzAtYjYxYy00ODAzLTk5NGEtNzVmMTU3MTM5Njcz&hl=en_US

Prim, Topete and Serrano selling the Spanish crown at auction

Revista La Flaca,  27th March 1869

Source: http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archivo:Prim,_Serrano_%26_Topete_Subasta_Corona,_La_Flaca_(1869).JPG 

Espartero and Montpensier trying to occupy the Spanish throne.

Revista La Flaca, 12th June 1870

Source: https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=explorer&chrome=true&srcid=0B0JnOscyFpspZDJjNGFlMGItODllMS00MTU2LTk5OWMtNjQwN2YxNmZlMWFk&hl=en_US

These were the main candidates to the Spanish throne:

- Anthony of Orleans, Duke of Montpensier, a French candidate. He was Louis Philippe of Orleans´s son and was married to Luisa Fernanda, Isabella II´s sister. The Germans refused this candidate. He was involved on a duel in 1870, where he killed infant Enrique of Bourbon, and the Cortes rejected his candidacy. 

- Ferdinand of Coburg: he was married to Mary II, queen of Portugal. His candidacy was refused by all those who didn´t want an Iberian Union and he refused to be the king of Spain.

- General Baldomero Espartero, Duke of the Victory: he had had an important role in the 1st Carlist War, he had been regent between 1840 and 1843, the president of the governmet during the Progressive Biennium  and was one of the most respected figures of the Progressive Party. Espartero refused to become the king of Spain. 

- Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen: he was the Prussian candidate. The French didn´t like this option.

This last candidacy and the way the French opinion was communicated led to the war that completed the unification of Germany. This is what happened: 

Kaiser Wilhem of Prussia was spending some time at Ems Spa and he received the visit of the Count of Benedetti, French ambassador. The French ambassador politely communicated to Kaiser Wilhem that France wouldn´t like that Leopold of Hohenzollern became the king of Spain. Kaiser Wilhem I accepted this decision and sent a dispatch to Bismarck explaining the conversation. But Bismarck decided to manipulate the content of the dispatch and he changed the tone of the French ambassador´s words, sharpening the language and presenting the French position as unacceptable. The Ems Dispatch provoked an increase of tension between France and Prussia and France had no other option than declaring war to Prussia.

Kaiser Wilhem I of Prussia and the Count of Benedetti, walking at Bad Ems, 13th July 1870

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:WilhelmIBenedetti.jpg

All the German States united to fight against France. The French were defeated in the Battle of Sedan, Napoleon III was captured, the 2nd Empire disappeared and the 3rd Republic was proclaimed in France. France lost Alsace and Lorraine and the 2nd German Empire (Reich) was proclaimed in 1871 in the Hall of the Mirrors of the Palace of Versailles. Wilhem I became Emperor of Germany. 

And who became king of Spain in the end? Amadeus of Savoy. He was Victor Emmanuel II´s third son. His candidacy didn´t bother any important European country. On the 16th November 1870 the Cortes voted to elect the new king of Spain and Amadeus of Savoy got 191 votes. 60 deputies voted for a Federal Republic, 27 for the Duke of Montpensier, 8 for Espartero, 2 for Alphonse of Bourbon (Isabella II´s son), 2 for a Unitarian Republic, 1 for the Republic, 1 for the Duchess of Montpensier and there were 19 spoiled votes. 

PowerPoint presentation for Unit 5

Here you have the new PowerPoint presentation to study the new unit. It includes all the information for points 1 and 2: the unifications of Italy and Germany, the Age of Empires and colonialism.

Classwork and homework for next week

 Otto Von Bismarck offering slices of Africa to the European powers at the Berlin Conference

 Source: http://guity-novin.blogspot.com/2011/06/chapter-40-history-of-caricatures.html

The Rhodes Colossus, depicting colonialist Cecil Rhodes 

as a giant standing over Africa and representing the Scramble for Africa

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Colonialism/Selected_picture

Here you have what you will have to do during next week´s lessons: 

MONDAY, 6th 

- Student in charge of the journal: Daniel Pintado

- Copy the outline of the new unit on your notebook. It corresponds to Unit 4 on the book (pages 33-43):

UNIT 5: EUROPE IN THE 2ND HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY.THE AGE OF EMPIRES

1. The unifications of Italy and Germany.

2. The Age of Empires

   A) Definition, causes and justification of colonialism

   B) Attitudes towards colonialism

   C) Conquest, organization and exploitation of the colonies

   D) The big colonial empires and Berlin Conference

   E) Consequences of colonialism

3. Spain in the 2nd half of the 19th century

  A) Isabella II´s reign

     a) The Progressive Biennium (1854-1856)

     b) Alternation between the moderates and the Liberal Union (1856-1868)

  B) The Glorious Revolution and the Democratic Sexenio (1868-1874)

     a) The Provisional Government (1868-1870)

     b) Amadeus I of Savoy´s reign (1871-1873)

     c) The 1st Republic (1873-1874)

  C) The Restoration (1875-1931)

- Read point 1 of the unit on page 33 and do exercises 1, 2 and 3 of page 41. 

On this unit you will have the possibility of doing a project about point 3 of the unit. It will consist of choosing one of the periods of the Spanish history in the 19th century, researching about it and making a comic (2 pages at least) or a video presentation, similar to this one:

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O2QVs4tGAWU&feature=related

WEDNESDAY, 8th

- Student in charge of the journal: Yolanda Abad

- Cristina Blanco will be with you. She will use a new ppt presentation to correct the activities you did on Monday.

- Start point 2 of the unit, copy the definition of  Age of Empires from the ppt presentation, read page 34 and do exercises 4, 5, 6 and 7 of page 41. 

THURSDAY, 9th

- Student in charge of writing the journal: Carmen Salido

- Read pages 35 and 36 and do exercises 8, 9 and 10 of page 41.

- Complete the blank map Cristina will give you about the big colonial empires. 

If I can´t come back next week, maybe you should think about doing the exam on a different date.