Good afternoon to everybody!
Today, Tuesday 28th of October, in the class of Social Sciences we have continued with point
D) CULTURE AND ART: Scientific Revolution, Empiricism, Rationalism and Baroque art.
Yesterday, Paqui gave to us some homework: we had to look for the definition of Empiricism and Rationalism. So, at first, we have corrected this two definitions. Gema has read her definition of Empiricism: Method of knowledge based on experience; observing nature, formulating hyphoteses, testing them and writing a theory. And then I have read my definition of Rationalism: Method of knowledge based on the use of reason to learn. It was started by the philossopher René Descartes. Doubt was basic for him to start warning. After this, Paqui has corrected the mistakes and she has explained Empiricism and Rationalism to us. Also, Paqui has explained the main features of the rational been (thinking), and she also has write on the blackboard a small summary about Rationalism; COGITO ERGO SUM (latin sentence), which means: I think, therefore I exist.
Paqui has also talk about the life of Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo Galilei.
Then, she has told us the discoveries during the 17th century, and we have talk about the scientifics of this century. The most important scientifics were Newton, Leibriz, Kepler, Galileo Galilei and Copérnico; all them lived on the protestant countries of the Holy Roman Empire. Paqui has explained the life of Galileo Galilei; he didn't was killed, but he was recanted, because science was opposite with religion. Galileo said that the Earth revolved around the Sun; and society didn't think this, they thought that all the planets turned around the Earth.
Paqui has also talk about the Royal academy of Language and Art created in Madrid during the 18th century. And then we have talk about the TV serie of Isabel. In the episode of yesterday, the king Charles I was born; son of Joanna of Castile, more known as Joanana the Mad; daughter of the Catholic Monarchs.
After this, Paqui has explained to us that the society of this century thought that when the children born, touch them was a sin. And the hygiene was used to prevent illnesses.
Later, we have started with Baroque art. We have seem a Power Point presentation and Paqui has said that Baroque art is a realistic art, with straigh lines, geometric and simple forms. She has told us that "baroque" is a perjorative word to define and exuberant and exaggeraded art in contrast to Renaissance art and New Classicism. And also the chronology of Baroque art: Predominant style during 17th century and part of 18th century. Some examples of Baroque art are: Collegiate Church of Catania, Italy; Square and Colonnade of Saint Peter of the Vatican, Bernini; Versailles Palace...
Paqui has also explained the differences between Baroque art and Renaissance art:
RENAISSANCE ART
- Balance.
- Ideal of beauty.
- Simplicity.
- Proportions
- Straight lines.
- Predominance of drawing over colour and light.
BAROQUE ART.
- Movement.
- Realism in representations.
- Complexity.
- Interest in suprissing the audience.
- Curved lines, concave and convex.
- Predominance of colour and light over drawing.
And finally, we have copied some new words in our glossary, like:
- I wish I: Ójala.
- To set free: Liberar.
- To lose ground: Perder terreno.
- To recant: Retractarse.
- Eppur Si Muove: The Earth move.
- Hygiene: Higiene.
- Pearl: Perla.
- Exuberant: Exuberante.
- Balance: Equilibrio.
Today was an interesting lesson.
Galileo Galilei.
Collegiate Church of Catania, Italy.
Versailles Palace.
Square and Colonnade of Saint Peter of the Vatican, Bernini, Rome.
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