Tuesday, 28th of April

Hello everybody! I'm Minerva and today it's my turn to write the journal.

At first, Paqui has given us two comics about the World War 1. ¡Puta Guerra! was the first and the second was La Guerra de las Trincheras. While we were seeing the comics, Paqui has reviewed what we studied the last day: the 3rd Stage of the World War 1 called Crisis of the 1917.

 

Image of the comic ¡Puta Guerra!

Source: http://elcorso.es/puta-guerra-jacques-tardi-y-la-memoria-de-la-tragedia/ 

La Guerra de las Trincheras 

Source: https://pitbox.wordpress.com/2010/03/07/descargar-la-guerra-en-las-trincheras-jacques-tardi/

Then, we have talked about the 4th Stage: The End of the War (1918).
The end of the war was due to two decisive facts. The first one was the arrival of refreshment troops of the U.S.A; and the second one was the Brest-Litovsk Treaty which was signed between Russia and Germany. The Russians stopped fighting and there were no more battles in the Eastern front. Russia lost Poland, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus and Ukraine.

As Russia stopped fighting, the Germans could focus on the Western front and launched two offensives that were stopped. Revolts in the German army and protests against in the government started in Germany.
In the Eastern front, Bulgaria surrendered in September and the Ottoman Empire in October. The Austro-Hungarian army collapsed in the North of Italy and the Balkans.
As protests increased in Germany, the German government tried to negotiate peace. Kaiser Wilhem II abdicated and the republic was proclaimed. The armistice was signed at the Forest of Compiègne, at a train wagon.

 Armistice of the 11th of November, 1918

Source:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armistice_of_11_November_1918

Paqui has explained us that the surrender left bad feelings to the Germans and this would be one of the causes of the World War 2.

We've also talked about Hitler. He was born in Austria and he wanted to study arts. He went to Vienna to try to go into the art school but as he wasn't so good, the school didn't accept him. After being a wanderer, he was conscripted to go to the World War 1.
When he came back, he was promoted to corporal and hired to spy on the DAP, that was an extreme-right political party. But as he liked the ideas of this party, he go into it and later, he became its leader.
As a leader, he planned a coup d'état but it failed and he was sent to jail. Afterwards the party became so important, the President of the Republic was convinced to convert Hitler in prime minister and from this moment he started changing the laws.

Adolf Hitler at Bayernwald WW1

Source:https://www.flickr.com/photos/velton/4550125371/

 Adolf Hitler at the WW1.

Source: http://www.greatwar.nl/frames/default-hitlere.html

After talking about Hitler, we've talked about the hyperinflation which was produced in Germany due to the money they had to pay because of all the problems they caused. Paqui has told us that Germany stopped paying the World War 1 reparations in 2010.
We've seen images about this event: the children were playing with the money, they were making kites of money and decorating their walls with money because as they produced a lot of money, money didn't have any value.
Prices increased a lot and people were shopping with trolleys full of money.

A man decorating his wall with money

Source: http://datosfreak.org/tag/Alemania/

To end with the class, Paqui has given us some homework: we had to do summaries of the Conference of Paris and the Treaty of Versailles.

As always, we've written down some new words:

- To come into force: entrar en vigor.
- Stab in the back: puñalada por la espalda.
- To betray: traicionar.
- Corporal: cabo.
- Anger: ira, enfado.
- Spike: pincho.
- Kurds: Kurdos.

And that's all for today, see you on Thursday! 

Friday, 24th April of 2015

Hello everybody!

Today in the class of Social Sciences we have corrected the scheme of the features of Schlieffen Plan (1905):

- New and deadlier armament.

- Civil population became war target.

- War economy.

- Governments of national unity.

- Constant use of propaganda.

Then Paqui has read an example of a letter, from a military how they spent the days there. After this she has putted a scheme in the blackboard of the World War 1 (1914-1918), to development them.

- War of Movemen (1914)

- War of Attrition (1915-1916)

- 1917 Crisis

- End of the War (1918)

Finaly of the class, we have copied from the blackboard the glossary of today: 

leaflet - folleto

pamphlet - panfleto

loaf - rebanada

allowance - prestación, beneficio, dieta

war bonds - bonos de guerra

war of movement - guerra de movimientos

cliché - tópico

war of attrition -  guerra de desgaste

trenches warfare - guerra de trincheras

trench - trinchera

Eastern front - frente oriental

Western front - frente occidental

to dig - cavar

Here you have a video of the World War One:

Goodbye boys and girls!

21th of April of 2015

Hello everybody!
Today in Social sciences we have learned about a lot of things.
At the beginning of the class, we have reviewed the travel journal and we have asked our questions to Paqui. Camila have showed me her notebook and I think is so cool. Afterwards we have started with the theorical part of the lesson. We are studying the World War I. Paqui has copied a text about the Schlieffen plan(1905). I knew before what is because i saw a rap on the blog that talk about that. This plan was very optimistic, all plans in general in the World War I, and this is terrible because it caused a big problem. Also we have studied the new weapons and the affected countries, At the end of the class, Paqui has answered to a question that has asked, and it was about Spain in the World War I. During the class we have copied some words on the glossary.
Stamp: Sello
Wax seal: sello de lacre
Wax: Cera
To launch: Lanzar
Supplier: Proveedor
Grave: Tumba
Crippled: Mutilado
Aircraft: Aviación
Airship: Dirigible
Machine gun: Ametralladora
Poison gas: Gas tóxico
Railway gun: Cañón de largo alcance
War target: Objetivo/blanco de guerra
Food rationing: Racionamiento
Ration card: cartilla de racionamiento
At rearguard: en retaguardia

Thursday, 16th of April, 2015

Hello classmates!

I'm Fran, and I'm going to told you about our last lesson. Today's lesson has been at the
1st period of the day. Today our classmates Marta and Silvia had done the make up exam of the 2nd term, I hope they pass the exam with a good mark.
The rest of the class has continued with the World War I, the first thing that we had done, has been the correct the exercises that we had for today's lesson: We had to make  2 exercises from Monday, and one scheme from Tuesday.
The first exercise was related with the outbreak during the World Wor I, and this exercise has been corrected by Nuria, and the correction of this exercise is:

-28th of July: Austria-Hungary declared war to Serbia.
-30th of July: Russia mobilized its trops against Austria-Hungary.
-1st of August: Germany declared war to Russia and to France on the 3rd of August. On the 4th of August Germany invaded Belgium (Schieffen-Plan) to occupy France. The United Kingdom declared war to Germany when Belgium was invaded.
Only Italy kept out of war.

Related to that Paqui has explained the outbreaks of this war on the blackboard with drawings, and later has explained us the Schieffen-Plan, and it consisted in:
Germany war plan Minister who prepared Germany's war plan in 1905: simultaneous attack on 2 fronts:Russia and France through Belgium.
The plan failed because France wasn't defeated in 5 weeks and the fronts establized in the East and North.

Later Azahara has corrected the other exercise, which consisted to correct the features of the World War I, the correction is:

-New and deadlier armament.
-Civil populution became war target.
-War economy.
-Governments of national unity.
-Constant use of propaganda.




After this correction Paqui has told us about Bertrand Russel who was a matematician who fought against the war in the UK, but later he was sent to prison.
Also Paqui has told us about a comic called "Puta Guerra" who explained the World War from the point of view of a friend who was a soldier.
At the end of the comic, there are images of crippled people.

Also she has showed us images from propaganda from the war.

Later Paqui to end with the has showed us a video which is on the blog, which explain the World War I.

https://youtu.be/Nj43X-VBEPE

As in all the classes there were new words for our glossary:

-Trigger: Detonante, gatillo (gun).
-Impruded: Imprudente.
-Schieffen-Plan: Plan de Schieffen.
-Eastern front: Frente oriental.
-Western front: Frente occidental.
-Censorship:Censura.
-To Censor: Censurar.
-Ration Card: Cartilla de Racionamiento.
-Food Rationing: Racionamiento de alimento.
                                                        -Rearguard: Retaguardia.
                                                        -Crippled: Mutilado.
                                                        -Threat: Amenaza.
                                                        -Strike: Huelga.
                                                        -To apply: Echar un curriculum.

13th April 2015

Hi everyone! I'm Stefania and today it's my turn to write the journal.
Today in Social Sciences after arriving in the class, many classmates have asked Paqui to let them go to speak with our P.E teacher, and Marta has written a quote on the whiteboard . After that we have started our normal lesson.We have learnt many things about the World War I today.
We have started checking the exercise 1 from page 59 (causes of World War I).
 We have learnt that there were many causes(but as Sara has explained it the other day I'm only going to mention them).

• Rivalry between colonial powers
• Exacerbation of nationalism 
• Military alliances
• Arms race

For today we also has to copy a slide from the presentation called: Growing tension before 1914.We have learnt that there were several crises which increased tension and this was on the brink to provoke war.

Two crises in Morocco,which increased tension between France and Gemany.

• 1905/1906:It ended with the establishment of a French-Spanish protectorate in Moroco
• 1911:Germany received part of the French Congo and accepted French protectorate in Moroco.

Two crises in the Balkans:which increased tension between Austria-Hungary and Russia

• 1908:Bosnia-Herzegovina was annexed to Austria-Hungary
• 1912/1913: Balkans Wars:Serbia, Montenegro, Greece and Bulgaria joined their force to fight against the Ottoman Empire and later they fought one another to increase their territories.

After these two wars Serbia reached a lot of power.
Then Paqui has started to explain us the Outbreak of the World War One to do it,she has drawn a map of Europe on the blackboard.
With the map, Paqui has started explaining the trigger for the war. She has told us that the heirs of Austria-Hungary went on holidays in Sarajevo and there a Serbian nationalist, Gavrilo Prinzip, killed them because he wanted the union of the Slaves of the South. So as a reaction to that, the Austro-Hungarian accused the Serbians of being involved in the terrorist attack and they sent an ultimatum in Serbian government with several requirments on the 23th July and gave them 48 hours to carry out their requests but the Serbians didn't accept all their demands and they didn't allow the Austro-Hungarian police to investigate in Serbia, so Austria-Hungary and Serbia broke their relations and got ready for war.

To understand it better Paqui has given us the example of ETA, it was something like if ETA attacks in France and the French police want to investigate in Spain.

Sarajevo murder, by Achille Beltrame 

http://www.italia-resistenza.it/wp-content/uploads/2014/07/DC-1914-27-d-Sarajevo-cropped.jpg
So as Serbia didn't allow the Austro-Hungarian police enter in their country Austria-Hungary declared war to Serbia on the 28th July 1914.
As Russia was an enemy of Austria-Hungary they attacked them on the 30th July.
On the 1st of August Germany declared war on Russia and to France, but to attack France they used the Schlieffen Plan that consisted of attacking France through Belgium.When the United Kingdom saw that Belgium was invaded they declared war on Germany. All the countries that formed alliances intervened except Italy.

The war was called World War One because as the principals countries that intervened in the war were Europeans they had a lot of colonies all around the world and the colonists sent soldiers to the European countries to help them.

http://www.johndclare.net/FactualRevise_1.htm

We have seen a video that explained about how the Germans tried to attack France.
After that we have studiedthe main features of the WW1:

• New and deadlier armament
• Civil population became war target
• War economy
• Governments of nationau unity
• Constant use of propaganda.

Then all most at the end we have seen the new weapons that they invented such as: Machine gun(metralladora), armoured car(carro de combate/tanque), flame thrower (lanzallamas), poison gas(gas tóxico)..

Railway gun(cañón de largo alcance)

http://www.murdoconline.net/wordpress/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/ww1-cannon.jpg

And to end with my journal I'm going to write some of the words that we have written in our journal today:

• rise:ascenso,aumento
• To such an extent:hasta tal punto
• Slaves:eslavos
• Black Hand: la mano negra
• ultimatum:ultimátum
• botch:chapuza
• airships:dirigible

For homework we have to do the exercises 2 and 3 of the page 59.
That's all for today, as Paqui won't came tomorrow to the high school we'll see on Thursday! Bye!
.

Thursday, April 9, 2015

Hi classmates!

Today in the class of Social Sciences we have started a new unit, unit 7: THE FIRST WORLD WAR AND THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTIONS.
To start the unit, Paqui has written the index of the unit on the blackboard and then, we have copied it. The index of the unit is:

1. World War One. 

• Causes and outbreak
• Features
• Stages
• the peace treaties and consequences of the war

     2.  The Russian revolutions.

• Tsarist Russia
• The 1917 revolution
• The Civil War and the creation of the USSR
• Stalinism

Paqui has said that the second point of this unit won't be included in the first exam of the term, this point will be included in the second exam with the next unit.

When we have finished to copy the index of the unit, Paqui has started to explain the first part of the point 1: causes and outbreak. 

The causes of the World War One were: 

• Rivalries between different European powers such as United Kingdom and Germany, France and Germany and Austria-Hungary against Russia. 
• Confronted military alliances: The Triple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy) and the Triple Entente (United Kingdom, France and Russia) 

In this cause Paqui has tried to show us a video about military alliances, but she hasn't been able due tocan't problems with the internet. So, I'm going to add this video in my journal, I hope that you enjoy!

http://www.history.com/topics/world-war-i/world-war-i-history/videos/world-war-i-alliances?m=528e394da93ae&s=undefined&f=1&free=false

• Arms race: There were big investments in weapons, soldiers and war plans to be ready for war ("Armed peace").
• Exacerbation of nationalism: It's a general tendency of exaltation of the own virtues, contempt towards foreigners and racism.

source: http://www.bedford.gov.uk/council_and_democracy/civic_and_ceremonial/history/world_war_1_by_numbers.aspx

In today's class we have copied a lot of new vocabulary, let's see:

-Tsar:Zar                                                        -To collapse: hundirse

-Tsarist: Zarista                                              -Military alliance: alianza militar

-Stalinism: Estalinismo                                  -To commit oneself: comprometerse

-Trench: trinchera                                           -Committment: compromiso

-Rivalry: rivalidad                                          -To foresee: preveer

-Unsolved: irresuelto, no resuelto                  -Armis race: carrera de armamentos

-Armed peace: La paz armada                        -Exacerbation: exacerbación

-Contempt: desprecio                                      -On the brink of: a punto de

-Pre-bellic: prebélico                                       -Gunboat: acorazado

-Tug of war: tira y afloja                                  -tugboat: remolcador

At the end of the lesson Paqui has given us homework for Monday: copy the second slide of the presentation and the exercise 1 of the page 59 and she has advised us to start the art project!

And that's all, see you on Monday.

Bye!!

3rd of March 2015

Hello!

Today in Social Sciences we have started the class talking about the mistakes of the projects, Paqui hasn´t corrected our projects because the other class have the exam on Thursday and we have it the next week.
Then Cris has corrected the exercise sixteen that is:

16.-Explain the creation and evolution of the International Workingmen's Association.
In 1864 Marx proposed the creation of an International Workingmen's Association (IWA) in London. Marxists , anarchists and trade unionists of Europe and North America formed the First International. Their slogan was "Workers of the world, unite!". But the disagreements between Marxists and anarchists led to its dissolution in 1876.

The Second International was created only by Marxists in 1889. The workers' anthem was created and the 1st May was established as the International Worker's Day. But there were problems between those who wanted to make revolution and those who wanted to participate in elections.
After this we  have started the Unit 5 that was called: Europe in the 2nd half of the 19th century.This unit has two points the 1st one that was Unifications of Italy and Germany, this point will be included in the next week's exam and the 2nd one is The Age of Empire.

We have stared with the first point and we have watched a presentation on the white board with this content:
Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte was elected the president of the 2nd republic in France in 1850.In 1852 he was elected emperor so he became Napoleon III. He had an important role in the unifications of Italy and Germany:
-He supported the italians to fight against Austria.
-He had to fight against Prussia and this contributed to the definitive unification of Germany.
In
Paqui has said to us that we can't understand the World War One if we don't know this information.
Because of this we have started to talk about the number of deaths in the Wolrd War One, The World War Two and some other wars that had a high number of deaths, especially above all during  the Cold War.
Paqui has started to explain us the causes of the Cold War and the present situation of Europe and Russia and Ukraine.

http://www.teinteresa.es/mundo/Cronologia-general-Primera-Guerra-Mundial_0_1161484032.html
And to finish the today's glossary words are:
Age of Empires: La era del imperialismo..
USSR: Soviet Union.
Decipher: Descifrar.
To leak: filtrar.
Spy: Espía.

And this is all. Bye, see you on Thursday!

World War I: Stages of the War

Hi everybody!

Today, at the beginning of the lesson there were some people on the corridor and Paqui has told them to go into the class. Then, we have started the lesson. We have started checking exercise 4, in which we had to explain the stages of World War I. It had four stages: War of Movement, War of Attrition, 1917 Crisis and The end of the war. And we have explained the three first ones:

WAR OF MOVEMENT (1014)

In this war, everybody thought that war would be short. The armies moved towards their enemies and two fronts were created: the Western and the Eastern Front.
- In the Western Front, the Germans attacked according to the SCHLIEFFEN PLAN, but were stopped by the French at the BATTLE OF MARNE.
- In the Eastern Front, the Germans advanced quickly and defeated the Russians in the Masurian lakes and Tannenberg.
Paqui has shown us a map of the PowerPoint Presentation of the unit, where we could see how the armies moved according to the Schlieffen Plan.
By the end of 1914 all the armies had to dig trenches and the fronts stabilized.

Source: http://storiesofusa.com/ww1-battles-timeline-world-war-1-1914-1918

WAR OF ATTRITION (1915-1916)

The trenches became hell for the soldiers (muddy, full of bedbugs, lice, fleas, rats) and they had to live and fight to gain some meters. New countries joined the war (Italy: the Triple Entente; Ottoman Empire: Central Powers) and a THIRD FRONT openned at the Balkans. The bloddiest battle of this war was the Battle of Verdum: there were 800,000 casualties (300,000 dead and 500,000 wounded). In the Eastern Front, the Germans forced the Russians to retire back. The British occupied Palestine from Egypt.

1917 CRISIS

In this stage, all the countries went through serious internal problems and there were soldiers' mutinies in all fronts. The British gained a lot of territories in the Arabian Peninsula with the Arabs' help (convinced by Lawrence of Arabia). (Paqui has told us there is a great song about this man). The Bolshevik Revolution in Russia had a strong impact and the Bolsheviks started negotiations to leave the war. And the U.S.A. decided to join the war due to the German attacks to their ships, which collapsed trade.

Source: http://cman.cx/blog/index.php/2010/11/20/lawrence-of-arabias-original-sin-in-the-mideast/

We haven't finished checking this exercise, so next day, we will explain the last stage of the war: The end of the war (1918).

The new words we have learned today are:
War of Attrition: Guerra de Desgaste
Bedbugs: chinches
Louse/lice: piojo/s
Flea: pulga
Casualty: víctima
To wound: herir

At the end of the lesson, Paqui has looked for the song about Lawrence of Arabia on YouTube, but the bell has rung and we haven't had time to listen to it. If anybody is interested on this song, you can listen to it by clicking this link:

That's all for today! Byeee :)