Roussseau was a philosopher and teacher that defended the social contract: the agreement the people and the governors, sign to preserve social order; and the general will, that consists in the power of the people to decides directly by themselves and not by a representative.
Montesquieu defended the division of powers (executive, legislative and judicial) and an independent judicial power.
Voltaire defended that the power of the king has to be limited by the Parliament, that everybody have to pay taxes (universal tax system) and he critized the church because he thought that the church was intolerant.
Then, she has explained the physiocracy and economic liberalism.
Physiocrats considered agriculture to be the most important economic activity of a country and they supported privated property, free trade, free industry, and they were against any intervention of the State in economy. Quesnay was the most important physiocrat and Adam Smith was an economy teacher in a University and he was the advocate of the economic liberalism.
Finally we have talked about the Enlightened despotism. Some monarchs adopted ideas of the Enlightenment and introduced some reforms in their kingdoms, but as they wanted to preserve their absolute power: they did "everything for the people, but without the people". They didn't touch the structure of power, the privileges of nobles and clergy and also they thought that the people were like ignorant children or they couldn't think, so the reforms they made were insufficient.
Encyclopedia by Diderot
and D'Alembert
Source: http://www.alquiblaweb.com/2012/11/03/la-enciclopedia/
Diderot
Source:http://www.alquiblaweb.com/2012/11/03/la-enciclopedia/
D'Alembert
Source:https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criterio_de_d%27Alembert
Montesquieu
Source:http://uscivilliberties.org/biography/4166-montesquieu-16891755.html
Rousseau
Source:https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau
Voltaire
Source: http://www.biografiasyvidas.com/biografia/v/voltaire.htm
Quesnay
Source:http://www.biography.com/people/fran%C3%A7ois-quesnay-39200
Adam Smith
Source:http://livingeconomiesforum.org/Adam-Smith
Catherine the Great
Source: https://world-civ-2012-13.wikispaces.com/The+Enlightened+Despots+(1B)
Joseph II of Austria
Source:https://world-civ-2012-13.wikispaces.com/The+Enlightened+Despots+(1B)
Frederick the Great
Source:https://world-civ-2012-13.wikispaces.com/The+Enlightened+Despots+(1B)
2 comments:
Hi Maria! Good job, but you have forgotten the vocabulary!
See you!
Hello María,
Firts of all WRITE A TITLE for your journal in the Title box.
There are several spelling mistakes. You should read before posting. I also think that you colud have included the pictures placed among the text. For example Rousseau's picture when you talk about him and so on. You could also add some of the topics we talked about during the lesson, those we related to present.
Here you have the corrections:
Today in Social Sciences we have continued speaking about the Encyclopedia. Diderot and D'Alembert compiled all the knowledge of their time asking (to) scientist and philosophers to collaborate with them. Paqui has told us about Rousseau, Montesquieu and Voltaire.
Rousseau was a philosopher and teacher that defended the social contract: the agreement the people and the governors (,) sign to preserve social order; and the general will, that consists in the power of the people to decide(s) directly by themselves and not by a representative.
Montesquieu defended the division of powers (executive, legislative and judicial) and an independent judicial power.
Voltaire defended that the power of the king had to be limited by the Parliament, that everybody has to pay taxes (universal tax system) and he criticized the Church because he thought that the Church was intolerant.
Then, she has explained the physiocracy and economic liberalism.
Physiocrats considered agriculture to be the most important economic activity of a country and they supported private(d) property, free trade, free industry, and they were against any intervention of the State in economy. Quesnay was the most important physiocrat and Adam Smith was an economy teacher in a University and he was the advocate of the economic liberalism.
Finally we have talked about the Enlightened Despotism. Some monarchs adopted ideas of the Enlightenment and introduced some reforms in their kingdoms, but as they wanted to preserve their absolute power, they did "everything for the people, but without the people". They didn't touch the structure of power, the privileges of nobles and clergy and also they thought that the people were like ignorant children or they couldn't think, so the reforms they made were insufficient.
Bye!
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