2011-2012 Challenges. Number 17

Here you have some questions about the Second Industrial Revolution inventions:  

QUESTION 1

Who were the inventors of the following crucial inventions: first electric battery, first electric motor, telegraph, incandescent light bulb, four-stroke engine, radio?

QUESTION 2

What was the first electrical telegraph line? When did it start working?

QUESTION 3

What was Menlo Park? Who was the "Wizard of Menlo Park" and why was he called this way?

QUESTION 4

What was the so called "War of currents"? Who were its main protagonists? What lethal invention was related to this war?

QUESTION 5

There are thousands of women inventors, but their achievements remain mainly unknown. Here you have some important women inventors who contributed to make life easier: Margaret Knight, Mary Anderson, Josephine Cochran and Katherine Blodgett. What did they invent?

QUESTION 6

Some inventions soon became consumer goods and are present almost in every house in the developed countries. Who were the inventors of the sewing machine and the washing machine?

P.S: I´m not including the sources of the pictures until someone answers the questions. 

Antonio Meucci, the true inventor of the telephone

Antonio Meucci

Source: http://italyculturemonth.org/programs_palladio.htm

You may have studied at school that Alexander Graham Bell was the inventor of the telephone. But this was not exactly true. The true inventor of the telephone was an Italian-American called Antonio Meucci. In 1854 Meucci built the first telephone to communicate some rooms of his house, beacuse his wife suffered from rheumatism. In 1860 he presented his invention in New York, but he didn´t have enough money to pay the patent expenses. He called  his invention "Telettrofono". Some years later he had an accident and his wife had to sell many of his prototypes in a pawnshop. Once recovered, Meucci tried to redeem his prototype from the pawnshop, but it had been sold to an unidentified young man. Meucci worked hard to rebuild his telephone and get money enough to pay the patent, but he couldn´t pay a definitive patent. In 1874 he sent his material and an explanation of his invention to the Western Union Telegraph Company, but he couldn´t get a meeting with the executives of the company. As he didn´t receive any answer from the company, he decided to ask for his invention to be returned, but they told him that the telephone had been lost. Two years later, Alexander Graham Bell, who shared a laboratory with Meucci at the Western Union, registered the patent of the telephone with his name and became very rich and famous. Bell apparently stole Meucci´s invention. Meucci went to the court and tried to be recognized as the real inventor of the telephone, but he died before the trial finished. In 2002 the Congress of the USA definitively recognized Meucci as the true inventor of the telephone. 

Source: http://chestofbooks.com/crafts/scientific-american/sup4/Meucci-s-Claims-To-The-Telephone.html

More information: 

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2002/jun/17/humanities.internationaleducationnews